Tata Consultancy Services Limited (TCSL) is a multinational information technology (IT) service, consulting and business solutions company headquartered in India.[4][5] TCS operates in 46 countries.[3] It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group and is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange of India. TCS is the largest Indian company by market capitalization[6][7] and is the largest India-based IT services company by 2013 revenues.[8][9] TCS is now placed among the ‘Big 4’ most valuable IT services brands worldwide.[10] TCS is ranked 40th overall in the Forbes World's Most Innovative Companies ranking, making it both the highest-ranked IT services company and the top Indian company.[11] It is the world's 10th largest IT services provider, measured by revenues.
In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc, Bangalore. The recruits comprised 12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who became the first TCS employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme.[15]
In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian Depository System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[16] TCS associated with a Swiss partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[17]
In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[18]
In 1985 TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for clients Tandem.
In the early 1990s the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and the launch of a unified European currency, Euro. TCS created the factory model for Y2K conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and enabled third-party developer and client implementation.[19]
On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.[21]
In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market.[22]
In 2006, TCS designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.[23]
In 2008, TCS undertook an internal restructuring exercise which aimed to increase the company's agility.[24]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-based offerings.[25] On the last trading day of 2011, TCS overtook RIL to achieve the highest market capitalisation of any India-based company.[26]
In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time.[27]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over
1100 crores to provide services to the Indian Department of Posts.[28]
In 2013 TCS moved from the 13th position to 10th position in the League of top 10 global IT services companies
India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, patna, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jamshedpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Pune and Trivandrum[60][61]
Africa: South Africa, Morocco[62]
Asia (excluding India): Bahrain, China, Israel, Dubai, Hong kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand[63][64][65]
Australia: Australia
Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.[66]
Tata Consultancy Services has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines.[71]
TCS had a total of 276,196 employees as of March 2013, of which 31% were women.[58] The number of non-Indian nationals was 21,282 as at March 31, 2013 (7.7%).[58][82] The employee costs for the FY 2012-13 were US$ 4.38 billion, which was approx. 38% of the total revenue of the company for that period.[1] In the fiscal year 2012-13, TCS recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom 59,276 were based in India and 10,452 were based in the rest of the world.[58] In the same period, the rate of attrition was 10.6%.[58] The average age of a TCS employee is 28 years.[58] The employee utilisation rate, excluding trainees, for the FY 2012-13 was 82%.[58] TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa recipient in 2008 (after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[83][84] In 2012, the Tata group companies, including TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas.[85][86]
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[87]
As of Jun 2014, TCS has over 300,000 employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind IBM and HP.[88]
History
1968 to 2000
Tata Consultancy Services Ltd (TCS) was founded in 1968 by a division of Tata Sons Limited.[13] Its early contracts included providing punched card services to sister company TISCO (now Tata Steel), working on an Inter-Branch Reconciliation System for the Central Bank of India,[14] and providing bureau services to Unit Trust of India.In 1975, TCS conducted its first campus interviews, held at IISc, Bangalore. The recruits comprised 12 Indian Institutes of Technology graduates and three IISc graduates, who became the first TCS employees to enter a formal graduate trainee programme.[15]
In 1979, TCS delivered an electronic depository and trading system called SECOM for the Swiss company SIS SegaInterSettle. TCS followed this up with System X for the Canadian Depository System and automating the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.[16] TCS associated with a Swiss partner, TKS Teknosoft, which it later acquired.[17]
In 1981, TCS established India's first dedicated software research and development centre, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre (TRDDC) in Pune.[18]
In 1985 TCS established India's first client-dedicated offshore development centre, set up for clients Tandem.
In the early 1990s the Indian IT outsourcing industry grew rapidly due to the Y2K bug and the launch of a unified European currency, Euro. TCS created the factory model for Y2K conversion and developed software tools which automated the conversion process and enabled third-party developer and client implementation.[19]
2000 to present
By 2008, TCS's e-business activities were generating over US$500 million in annual revenues.[20]On 25 August 2004, TCS became a publicly listed company.[21]
In 2005, TCS became the first India-based IT services company to enter the bioinformatics market.[22]
In 2006, TCS designed an ERP system for the Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation.[23]
In 2008, TCS undertook an internal restructuring exercise which aimed to increase the company's agility.[24]
TCS entered the small and medium enterprises market for the first time in 2011, with cloud-based offerings.[25] On the last trading day of 2011, TCS overtook RIL to achieve the highest market capitalisation of any India-based company.[26]
In the 2011/12 fiscal year, TCS achieved annual revenues of over US$10 billion for the first time.[27]
In May 2013, TCS was awarded a six-year contract worth over
1100 crores to provide services to the Indian Department of Posts.[28]In 2013 TCS moved from the 13th position to 10th position in the League of top 10 global IT services companies
Operations
As of 31 March 2013, TCS had 199 offices across 44 countries and 124 delivery centers in 21 countries.[3] At the same date TCS had a total of 58 subsidiary companies.[58]Locations
TCS has operations in the following locations:India: Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Baroda, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Coimbatore, patna, Delhi, Gandhinagar, Goa, Gurgaon, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Indore, Jamshedpur, Kochi, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Noida, Pune and Trivandrum[60][61]
Africa: South Africa, Morocco[62]
Asia (excluding India): Bahrain, China, Israel, Dubai, Hong kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand[63][64][65]
Australia: Australia
Europe: Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Republic of Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
North America: Canada, Mexico and United States.
South America: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Uruguay.[66]
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TCS BPS
TCS BPS (Business Process Services) is the third-largest India-based IT outsourcing company (after Genpact).[67] The BPS division had revenues of US$ 1.44 billion in the FY 2012-13 which was 12.5% of the total revenue of TCS.[68] TCS BPS has more than 45,000 employees which serve over 225 million customers across 11 countries.[69] The rate of attrition in BPS division during the financial year 2012-13 was 19.5%.[70]Tata Consultancy Services has also opened a business process outsourcing facility in the Philippines.[71]
Tata Research Development and Design Centre
Main article: Tata Research Development and Design Centre
TCS established the first software research center in India, the Tata Research Development and Design Centre, in Pune, India in 1981. TRDDC undertakes research in Software engineering, Process engineering and systems research. Researchers at TRDDC also developed MasterCraft (now a suite of digitization and optimization tools)[72] a Model Driven Development software that can automatically create code based on a model of a software, and rewrite the code based on the user's needs.[73]
Research at TRDDC has also resulted in the development of Sujal, a
low-cost water purifier that can be manufactured using locally available
resources. TCS deployed thousands of these filters in the Indian Ocean Tsunami disaster of 2004 as part of its relief activities.[74] This product has been marketed in India as Tata swach, a low cost water purifier.[75]Innovation Labs
In 2007, TCS launched its co-innovation network, a network of innovation labs, start up alliances, university research departments, and venture capitalists.[76][77] In addition, TCS has 19 innovation labs based in three countries.[78] TCS' partners include Collabnet, Cassatt, academic institutions such as IITs, Stanford, MIT and venture capitalists like Sequoia and Kleiner Perkins.[79]Employees
TCS is one of the largest private sector employers in India,[80] and the second-largest employer among listed Indian companies (after Coal India Limited).[81]TCS had a total of 276,196 employees as of March 2013, of which 31% were women.[58] The number of non-Indian nationals was 21,282 as at March 31, 2013 (7.7%).[58][82] The employee costs for the FY 2012-13 were US$ 4.38 billion, which was approx. 38% of the total revenue of the company for that period.[1] In the fiscal year 2012-13, TCS recruited a total of 69,728 new staff, of whom 59,276 were based in India and 10,452 were based in the rest of the world.[58] In the same period, the rate of attrition was 10.6%.[58] The average age of a TCS employee is 28 years.[58] The employee utilisation rate, excluding trainees, for the FY 2012-13 was 82%.[58] TCS was the fifth-largest United States visa recipient in 2008 (after Infosys, CTS, Wipro and Mahindra Satyam).[83][84] In 2012, the Tata group companies, including TCS, were the second largest recipient of H-1B visas.[85][86]
Subramaniam Ramadorai, former CEO of TCS, has written an autobiographical book about his experiences in the company called The TCS Story...and Beyond.[87]
As of Jun 2014, TCS has over 300,000 employees. It is world's third largest IT employer behind IBM and HP.[88]
Awards
- TCS ranked #1 for customer satisfaction in the UK.[89]
- TCS was awarded the Business Standard's Company of the Year award for 2012.[90]
- In 2012, the company won Gold Shield award for excellence in financial reporting from the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI).[68][91]
- The company won 'Recruiting and Staffing Industry Leader of the Year' and ‘Best Employer Brand’ awards at the World HRD Congress' annual meet in 2012.[68]
- TCS was ranked #1 IT service provider for the Manufacturing in Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) by International Data Corporation in 2014.